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Durga Puja - Worship
the great goddess of the Hindus |
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|| Diffrent Form Of kali ||
Popular form of Kali
Classic depictions of
Kali share several features, as follows:
Kali's most common four armed iconographic image shows each hand carrying
variously a sword, a trishul (trident), a severed head and a bowl or
skull-cup (kapala) catching the blood of the severed head.
Two of these hands (usually the left) are holding a sword and a severed
head. The Sword signifies Divine Knowledge and the Human Head signifies
human Ego which much be slain by Divine Knowledge in order to attain Moksha.
The other two hands (usually the right) are in the abhaya and varada mudras
or blessings, which means her initiated devotees (or anyone worshiping her
with a true heart) will be saved as she will guide them here and in the
hereafter.
She has a garland consisting of human heads, variously enumerated at 108 (an
auspicious number in Hinduism and the number of countable beads on a Japa
Mala or rosary for repetition of Mantras) or 51, which represents Varnamala
or the Garland of letters of the Sanskrit alphabet, Devanagari. Hindus
believe Sanskrit is a language of dynamism, and each of these letters
represents a form of energy, or a form of Kali. Therefore she is generally
seen as the mother of language, and all mantras.
She is often depicted naked which symbolizes her being beyond the covering
of Maya since she is pure (nirguna) being-consciousness-bliss and far above
prakriti. She is shown as very dark as she is brahman in its supreme
unmanifest state. She has no permanent qualities -- she will continue to
exist even when the universe ends. It is therefore believed that the
concepts of color, light, good, bad do not apply to her -- she is the pure,
un-manifested energy, the Adi-shakti.
Mahakali Form
Ekamukhi or "One-Faced" Murti of Mahakali displaying
ten hands holding the signifiers of various DevasHer ten headed (dasamukhi)
image is known as Dasa Mahavidya Mahakali, and in this form She is said to
represent the ten Mahavidyas or "Great Wisdom (Goddesse)s". She is depicted
in this form as having ten heads, ten arms, and ten legs but otherwise
usually conforms to the four armed icon in other respects. Each of her ten
hands is carrying a various implement which vary in different accounts, but
each of these represent the power of one of the Devas or Hindu Gods and are
often the identifying weapon or ritual item of a given Deva. The implication
is that Mahakali subsumes and is responsible for the powers that these
deities possess and this is in line with the interpretation that Mahakali is
identical with Brahman. While not displaying ten heads, an "ekamukhi" or one
headed image may be displayed with ten arms, signifying the same concept:
the powers of the various Gods come only through Her grace.
Slayer of Raktabija
"Kali Triumphant on The Battle Feild," Punjab, circa 1800-20CE)In Kali's
most famous myth, Durga and her assistants, Matrikas, wound the demon
Raktabija, in various ways and with a variety of weapons, in an attempt to
destroy him. They soon find that they have worsened the situation, as for
every drop of blood that is spilt from Raktabija the demon reproduces a copy
of himself. The battlefield becomes increasingly filled with his
duplicates.[15] Durga, in dire need of help, summons Kali to combat the
demons.
The Devi
Mahatmyam describes:
Out of the surface of her(Durga's) forehead, fierce with frown, issued
suddenly Kali of terrible countenance, armed with a sword and noose. Bearing
the strange khatvanga (skull-topped staff ) , decorated with a garland of
skulls, clad in a tiger’s skin, very appalling owing to her emaciated flesh,
with gaping mouth, fearful with her tongue lolling out, having deep reddish
eyes, filling the regions of the sky with her roars, falling upon
impetuously and slaughtering the great asuras in that army, she devoured
those hordes of the foes of the devas.
Kali destroys Raktabija by sucking the blood from his body and putting the
many Raktabija duplicates in her gaping mouth. Pleased with her victory,
Kali then dances on the field of battle, stepping on the corpses of the
slain. Her consort Shiva lies among the dead beneath her feet, a
representation of Kali commonly seen in iconography, the Daksinakali pose.
In Devi Mahatmya version of this story, Kali is also described as an Matrika
and as a Shakti or power of Devi. She is given the epithet Cāṃuṇḍā (Chamunda)
i.e the slayer of demons Chanda and Munda. Chamunda is very often identified
with Kali and is very much like in her appearance and habit.
Daksinakali
In her most famous pose as Daksinakali, it is said that Kali, becoming drunk
on the blood of her victims on the battlefield, dances with destructive
frenzy. In her fury she fails to see the body of her husband Shiva who lies
among the corpses on the battlefield. Ultimately the cries of Shiva attract
Kali's attention, calming her fury. As a sign of her shame at having
disrespected her husband in such a fashion, Kali sticks out her tongue.
However, some sources state that this interpretation is a later version of
the symbolism of the tongue: in tantric contexts, the tongue is seen to
denote the element (guna) of rajas (energy and action) controlled by sattva,
spiritual and godly qualities.
One South Indian tradition tells of a dance contest between Shiva and Kali.
After defeating the two demons Sumbha and Nisumbha, Kali takes residence in
a forest. With fierce companions she terrorizes the surrounding area. One of
Shiva's devotees becomes distracted while doing austerities and asks Shiva
to rid the forest of the destructive goddess. When Shiva arrives, Kali
threatens him, claiming the territory as her own. Shiva challenges her to a
dance contest, and defeats her when she is unable to perform the energetic
Tandava dance. Although here Kali is defeated, and is forced to control her
disruptive habits, we find very few images or other myths depicting her in
such manner.
Maternal
Kali
Another myth depicts the infant Shiva calming Kali, instead. In this similar
story, Kali again defeated her enemies on the battlefield and began to dance
out of control, drunk on the blood of the slain. To calm her down and to
protect the stability of the world, Shiva is sent to the battlefield, as an
infant, crying aloud. Seeing the child's distress, Kali ceases dancing to
take care of the helpless infant. She picks him up, kisses his head, and
proceeds to breast feed the infant Shiva. This myth depicts Kali in her
benevolent, maternal aspect something that is revered in Hinduism, but not
often recognized in the West.
Bhadrakali , circa 1675 Painting; Made in: India, Himachal Pradesh, Basohli
, now placed in LACMA Museum(M.72.53.7)
Bhadrakali
Bhadrakali is a gentle form of Kali.
Mahakali
Mahakali (Sanskrit: Mahākālī, Devanagari: महाकाली), literally translated as
Great Kali, is a Hindu Goddess, considered by some to be the consort of
Shiva, and by others as the basis of Reality (see below). Mahakali in
Sanskrit is etymologically the feminized variant of Mahakala or Great Time
(which is interpreted also as Death), an epithet of the God Shiva in
Hinduism but also the name of a Dharmapala or wrathful deity in Vajrayana
Buddhism. Mahakali can also simply be used as an honorific of the Goddess
Kali, signifying her greatness by the prefix "Mahā-"
Different Name Of durga
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Durga |
The Inaccessible |
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Devi |
The Diety |
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Tribhuvaneshwari |
Goddess of The Three Worlds |
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Yashodagarba Sambhoota |
Emerging From Yashoda's Womb |
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Narayanavarapriya |
Fond of Narayana's Boons |
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Nandagopakulajata |
Daughter Of The Nandagopa Race |
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Mangalya |
Auspicious |
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Kulavardhini |
Developer Of The Race |
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Kamsavidravanakari |
Threatened Kamsa |
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Asurakshayamkari |
Reducer Of The Number Of Demons |
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Shilathata Vinikshibda |
At Birth,Slammed By Kamsa |
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Akashagamini |
Flew In The Sky |
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Vasudevabhagini |
Sister Of Vasudeva |
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Divamalya Vibhooshita |
Adorned With Beautiful Garlands |
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Divyambaradhara |
Beautifully Robed |
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Khadgaketaka Dharini |
Holder Of Sword And Shield |
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Shiva |
Auspicious |
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Papadharini |
Bearer Of Others' Sins |
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Varada |
Granter Of Boons |
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Krishna |
Sister Of Krishna |
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Kumari |
Young Girl |
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Brahmacharini |
Seeker Of Brahman |
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Balarkasadrushakara |
Like The Rising Sun |
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Purnachandra Nibhanana |
Beautiful Like The Full Moon |
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Chaturbhuja |
Four-Armed |
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Chaturvakttra |
Four-Faced |
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Peenashroni Payodhara |
Large Bosomed |
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Mayoora Pichhavalaya |
Wearer Of Peacock-Feathered Bangles |
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Keyurangadadharini |
Bejeweled With Armlets And Bracelets |
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Krishnachhavisama |
Like Krishna's Radiance |
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Krishna |
Dark-Complexioned |
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Sankarshanasamanana |
Equal To Sankarshana |
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Indradhwaja Samabahudharini |
With Shoulders Like Indra's Flag |
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Patradharini |
Vessel-Holder |
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Pankajadharini |
Lotus-Holder |
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Kanttadhara |
Holder of Shiva's Neck |
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Pashadharini |
Holder Of Rope |
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Dhanurdharini |
Holder Of Bow |
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Mahachakradharini |
Holder Of Chakra |
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Vividayudhadhara |
Bearer Of Various Weapons |
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Kundalapurnakarna Vibhooshita |
Wearer Of Earrings Covering The Ears |
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Chandravispardimukha |
Beautiful Like The Moon |
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Mukutavirajita |
Shining With Crown Adorned |
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Shikhipichhadwaja Virajita |
Having Peacock-Feathered Flag |
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Kaumaravratadhara |
Observer Of Fasts Like Young Girls Do |
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Tridivabhavayirtri |
Goddess Of The Three Worlds |
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Tridashapujita |
The Goddess Of The Celestials |
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Trailokyarakshini |
Protector Of The Three Worlds |
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Mahishasuranashini |
Destroyer Of Mahisha |
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Prasanna |
Cheerful |
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Surashreshtta |
Supreme Among The Celestials |
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Shiva |
Shiva's Half |
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Jaya |
Victorious |
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Vijaya |
Conqueror |
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Sangramajayaprada |
Granter Of Victory In The War |
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Varada |
Bestower |
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Vindhyavasini` |
Resident Of The Vindhyas |
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Kali |
Dark-Complexioned |
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Kali |
Goddess Of Death |
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Mahakali |
Wife Of Mahakala |
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Seedupriya |
Fond Of Drinks |
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Mamsapriya |
Fond Of Flesh |
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Pashupriya |
Fond Of All Beings |
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Bhootanushruta |
Well-Wisher Of Bhootaganas |
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Varada |
Bestower |
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Kamacharini |
Acting On One's Own Accord |
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Papaharini |
Destroyer Of Sins |
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Kirti |
Famed |
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Shree |
Auspicious |
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Dhruti |
Valiant |
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Siddhi |
Successful |
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Hri |
Holy Chant Of Hymns |
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Vidhya |
Wisdom |
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Santati |
Granter Of Issues |
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Mati |
Wise |
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Sandhya |
Twilight |
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Ratri |
Night |
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Prabha |
Dawn |
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Nitya |
Eternal |
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Jyotsana |
Radiant Like Flames |
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Kantha |
Radiant |
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Khama |
Embodiment Of Forgiveness |
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Daya |
Compassionate |
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Bandhananashini |
Detacher Of Attachments |
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Mohanashini |
Destroyer Of Desires |
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Putrapamrityunashini |
Sustainer Of Son's Untimely Death |
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Dhanakshayanashini |
Controller Of Wealth Decrease |
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Vyadhinashini |
Vanquisher Of Ailments |
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Mruthyunashini |
Destroyer Of Death |
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Bhayanashini |
Remover Of Fear |
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Padmapatrakshi |
Eyes Like The Lotus Leaf |
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Durga |
Remover Of Distress |
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Sharanya |
Granter Of Refuge |
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Bhaktavatsala |
Lover Of Devotees |
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Saukhyada |
Bestower Of Well-Being |
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Arogyada |
Granter Of Good Health |
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Rajyada |
Bestower Of Kingdom |
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Ayurda |
Granter Of Longevity |
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Vapurda |
Granter Of Beautiful Appearance |
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Sutada |
Granter Of Issues |
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Pravasarakshika |
Protector Of Travellers |
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Nagararakshika |
Protector Of Land |
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Sangramarakshika |
Protector Of Wars |
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Shatrusankata Rakshika |
Protector From Distress Caused By Foes |
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Ataviduhkhandhara Rakshika |
Protector From Ignorance And Distress |
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Sagaragirirakshika |
Protector Of Seas And Hills |
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Sarvakaryasiddhi Pradayika |
Granter Of Success In All Attempts |
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Durga |
Deity Durga |